In recent years, the fish and shellfish consumption has increased but the total world
production decreased. The main cause of the decreased fish production is the occurrence of …

To elucidate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which produces the free radical nitric
oxide (NO), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX), which …

Research on nutrition and feed development for the broodstock of the Pacific white shrimp,
Litopenaeus vannamei, is rare, and a poor broodstock quality is a critical factor restricting …

The gut microbiota is a complex group of microorganisms that is not only closely related to
intestinal immunity but also affects the whole immune system of the body. Antimicrobial …

Background Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is responsible for synthesizing nitric oxide (NO)
from L-arginine, and involved in multiple physiological functions. However, its …

In this study, the dietary effect of garlic powder (GP) as an herbal supplement on the growth
performance, digestive enzymes, innate immunity, and antioxidant capacity of narrow …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key effector molecule produced in the innate immune systems of many
species for antimicrobial defense. However, how NO production is regulated during bacterial …

Nitric oxide (NO), a highly reactive free radical generated endogenously by nitric oxide
synthase (NOS), plays crucial roles in immune defense against a broad range of pathogens …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived radical generated by nitric oxide synthases (NOS). NO is
involved in a variety of functions in invertebrates, including host defense. In previous studies …

Copper is one of common contaminants in estuaries and coastal zones, which may cause
physiological dysfunction in aquatic organisms. However, molecular response triggered by …