Research in extreme environments has substantially expanded our understanding of the
ecology and evolution of life on Earth, but a major group of organisms has been largely …

Antarctic biodiversity is much more extensive, ecologically diverse and biogeographically
structured than previously thought. Understanding of how this diversity is distributed in …

Grazing rate estimates indicate that approximately half of the bacterivory in oligotrophic
oceans is due to mixotrophic flagellates (MFs). However, most estimations have considered …

High-latitude environments, such as the Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valley lakes, are subject to
seasonally segregated light–dark cycles, which have important consequences for microbial …

The Earth's biosphere is dominated by cold environments, and the cold biosphere is
dominated by microorganisms. Microorganisms in cold Southern Ocean waters are …

Compared to the well‐studied open water of the “growing” season, under‐ice conditions in
lakes are characterized by low and rather constant temperature, slow water movements …

The response of soil microbes to heavy metal pollution provides a metric to evaluate the soil
health and ecological risks associated with heavy metal contamination. However, a …

Antarctica is arguably the world's most important continent for influencing the Earth's climate
and ocean ecosystem function. The unique physico-chemical properties of the Southern …

Psychrophilic (cold-adapted) microorganisms make a major contribution to Earth's biomass
and perform critical roles in global biogeochemical cycles. The vast extent and …

The persistent low temperature that characterize polar habitats combined with the
requirement for light for all photoautotrophs creates a conundrum. The absorption of too …