Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis
and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in …

Ischemic stroke refers to the disorder of blood supply of local brain tissue caused by various
reasons. It has high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Astrocytes are the most abundant …

Our brains consist of 80% water, which is continuously shifted between different
compartments and cell types during physiological and pathophysiological processes …

The human brain contains two major cell populations, neurons and glia. While neurons are
electrically excitable and capable of discharging short voltage pulses known as action …

Information processing imposes urgent metabolic demands on neurons, which have
negligible energy stores and restricted access to fuel. Here, we discuss metabolic …

Neuronal plasticity is critical for the maintenance and modulation of brain activity. Emerging
evidence indicates that glial cells actively shape neuroplasticity, allowing for highly flexible …

Background Disturbances in the brain fluid balance can lead to life-threatening elevation in
the intracranial pressure (ICP), which represents a vast clinical challenge. Nevertheless, the …

Throughout the nervous system, ion gradients drive fundamental processes. Yet, the roles of
interstitial ions in brain functioning is largely forgotten. Emerging literature is now revitalizing …

Over the last decades, a growing spectrum of monogenic disorders of human magnesium
homeostasis has been clinically characterized, and genetic studies in affected individuals …

Astrocytes are homeostatic and protective cells of the central nervous system. Astroglial
homeostatic responses are tightly coordinated with neuronal activity. Astrocytes maintain …