RNA molecules can fold into intricate shapes that can provide an additional layer of control
of gene expression beyond that of their sequence. In this Review, we discuss the current …

Drug resistance developed towards conventional therapy is one of the important reasons for
chemotherapy failure in cancer. The various underlying mechanism for drug resistance …

Ribosomes are translational machineries that catalyse protein synthesis. Ribosome
structures from various species are known at the atomic level, but obtaining the structure of …

Cancer cells are exposed to adverse conditions in the tumor microenvironment, and utilize
post-transcriptional control mechanisms to re-program gene expression in ways that …

Viruses cause epidemics on all major cultures of agronomic importance, representing a
serious threat to global food security. As strict intracellular pathogens, they cannot be …

The process of translation requires substantial cellular resources. Cells have therefore
evolved complex mechanisms to control overall protein synthesis as well as the translation …

Cells have developed different mechanisms to respond to stress, including the formation of
cytoplasmic foci known as stress granules (SGs). SGs are dynamic and formed as a result of …

Long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity and memory are dependent on new protein
synthesis. Recent advances obtained from genetic, physiological, pharmacological, and …

In animals, microRNAs (miRNAs) bind to the 3′ UTRs of their target mRNAs and interfere
with translation, although the exact mechanism of inhibition of protein synthesis remains …

Translational control is widely used to regulate gene expression. This mode of regulation is
especially relevant in situations where transcription is silent or when local control over …