While the sustainability of pension systems facing demographic ageing has been widely
discussed, the adequacy of retirement income has often been neglected in current debate …

Although the idea that existing policies can have major effects on politics and policy
development is hardly new, the last three decades witnessed a major expansion of policy …

New Parties in Old Party Systems addresses a pertinent yet neglected issue in comparative
party research: why are some new parties that enter national parliament able to defend a …

The responsiveness to societal demands is both the key virtue and the key problem of
modern democracies. On the one hand, responsiveness is a central cornerstone of …

The responsibility for retirement income is increasingly shifted from the state to private
actors, in particular employers and employees. Many politicians, policy advisers, and …

The literature on path dependence has emphasized positive feedback effects that make it
difficult to shift from a policy regime once it is in place. This article argues that policy regimes …

This article analyses the determinants of market income distribution and governmental
redistribution. The dependent variables are Luxembourg Income Study data on market …

Since the late 1970s, the developed welfare states of the European Union have been
recasting the policy mix on which their systems of social protection were built. They have …

The men who negotiated the Treaty of Rome in the 1950s viewed social policy as the
exclusive province of the member states; European Union (EU) intervention would only be …

Recent reform efforts of advanced welfare states have attempted to reverse trends in early
retirement and increase the statutory retirement age. This paradigm shift often occurred …