Narcolepsy is a rare brain disorder that reflects a selective loss or dysfunction of orexin (also
known as hypocretin) neurons of the lateral hypothalamus. Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is …

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Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is accompanied by intense cortical activity, underlying its
wake-like electroencephalogram. The neural activity inducing REM sleep is thought to …

The sleep cycle is characterized by alternating non–rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid
eye movement (REM) sleeps. The mechanisms by which this cycle is generated are …

Narcolepsy is the most common neurological cause of chronic sleepiness. The discovery
about 20 years ago that narcolepsy is caused by selective loss of the neurons producing …

Orexins (hypocretins) are two peptides (orexin A and B) produced from the pre-pro-orexin
precursor and expressed in a limited region of dorsolateral hypothalamus. Orexins were …

Our understanding of the neural control of sleep in large part parallels the history of
neuroscience. As new tools and methodologies have become available to the research …

Background Histaminergic neurons are crucial to maintain wakefulness, but their role in
cataplexy is unknown. We assessed the safety and efficacy of pitolisant, a histamine H3 …

The discovery of hypocretins (orexins) and their causal implication in narcolepsy is the most
important advance in sleep research and sleep medicine since the discovery of rapid eye …

Abstract 'Sundowning'in dementia and Alzheimer's disease is characterized by early-
evening agitation and aggression. While such periodicity suggests a circadian origin …