Background Transcranial direct current stimulation has shown promising clinical results,
leading to increased demand for an evidence-based review on its clinical effects. Objective …

In the past three decades, our understanding of brain–behavior relationships has been
significantly shaped by research using non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques …

The development of technologies to protect or enhance memory in older people is an
enduring goal of translational medicine. Here we describe repetitive (4-day) transcranial …

Understanding normal brain aging and developing methods to maintain or improve
cognition in older adults are major goals of fundamental and translational neuroscience …

A group of European experts was commissioned by the European Chapter of the
International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology to gather knowledge about the state of …

Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques are used in experimental and clinical fields for
their potential effects on brain network dynamics and behavior. Transcranial electrical …

Stroke is one of the leading causes for disability worldwide. Motor function deficits due to
stroke affect the patients' mobility, their limitation in daily life activities, their participation in …

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a popular brain stimulation method that is
used to modulate cortical excitability, producing facilitatory or inhibitory effects upon a variety …

Low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in humans, encompassing transcranial
direct current (tDCS), transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), transcranial …

Non-invasive brain stimulation methods, such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS),
are widely used worldwide to make causality-based inferences about brain-behavior …