Categorization refers to the classification of perceptual input into defined functional groups.
We present and discuss evidence suggesting that stimulus categorization can also be found …

Despite their relatively simple nervous systems, insects display a rich behavioural repertoire,
in which vision plays a major role. In the past two years, much knowledge has been gained …

As connectomics advances, it will become commonplace to know far more about the
structure of a nervous system than about its function. The starting point for many …

PATIENTS with damage to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are impaired on cognitive tasks
such as the Wisconsin Card Sort Test1, the Stroop Test2 and an anti-saccade paradigm3, in …

The bees' spontaneous preferences toward various black-and-white patterns were studied
using a multiple-choice test procedure. The patterns are presented on vertical planes, and …

A total of 18 associative learning/memory tests have been applied to Drosophila
melanogaster flies lacking mushroom bodies. Only in paradigms involving chemosensory …

Various constraints limit the brain's capacity to process information in animals.
Neurobiological and psychological knowledge of such constraints is integrated with …

The assignment of a symbolic representation to a specific numerosity is a fundamental
requirement for humans solving complex mathematical calculations used in diverse …

A series of experiments with honey bees demonstrate that their small brains nevertheless
possess the ability for topological perception. Bees rapidly learned to discriminate patterns …

HONEYBEES remember the shapes of flowers and are guided by visual landmarks on their
foraging trips1, 2. How insects recognize visual patterns is poorly understood. Experiments …