Periodontal disease is one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity affecting up to
90% of the worldwide population. Smoking has been identified as a major risk factor in the …

This literature review provides an overview of the current scenario regarding the impact of
smoking on the progression and treatment of periodontitis; clinical, microbiological and …

METHODS A systematic literature review was performed. To identify relevant studies, the
following online databases were searched using specific keywords: PubMed, Web of …

The evolution of medical knowledge about oral microbiota has increased awareness of its
important role for the entire human body health. A wide range of microbial species …

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the leading presentations of head and neck
cancer (HNC). The first part of this review will describe the highlights of the oral microbiome …

Periodontitis is chronic inflammation of the periodontium caused by the host's inflammatory
response to plaque biofilm, which destroys tooth‐supporting soft and hard tissues …

Streptococcus mutans is a key contributor to dental caries. Smokers have a higher number
of caries‐affected teeth than do nonsmokers, but the association among tobacco, nicotine …

Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered a major pathogen in adult periodontitis and is also
associated with multiple systemic diseases, for example, cardiovascular diseases. One of its …

Smoking is responsible for the majority of periodontitis cases in the US and smokers are
more susceptible than non-smokers to infection by the periodontal pathogen …

Resolution of dysbiosis following treatment for periodontal disease and tobacco
dependence has been reported in longitudinal intervention studies. In the present report, we …