Biofilm refers to the complex, sessile communities of microbes found either attached to a
surface or buried firmly in an extracellular matrix as aggregates. The biofilm matrix …

Human lactoferrin (hLf), an iron-binding multifunctional cationic glycoprotein secreted by
exocrine glands and by neutrophils, is a key element of host defenses. HLf and bovine Lf …

Objectives To provide an update on our current understanding of how saliva and its various
constituents directly and indirectly affect oral bacteria and thereby play a role in the …

Bacterial resistance to commonly used drugs has become a global health problem, causing
increased infection cases and mortality rate. One of the main virulence determinants in many …

Saliva plays a major role in determining the composition and activity of the oral microbiota,
via a variety of mechanisms. Molecules, mainly from saliva, form a conditioning film on oral …

The increasing onset of multidrug-resistant bacteria has propelled microbiology research
towards antimicrobial peptides as new possible antibiotics from natural sources …

Over the last decade, decreasing effectiveness of conventional antimicrobial-drugs has
caused serious problems due to the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens …

The formation of surface-attached cellular agglomerates, the so-called biofilms, contributes
significantly to bacterial resistance to antibiotics and innate host defenses. Bacterial biofilms …

Background Evidences of infectious pathogens in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains may
suggest a deteriorated innate immune system in AD pathophysiology. We previously …

Biofilms can be produced by multiple species or by a single strain of bacteria. The biofilm
state enhances the resistance of the resident microorganisms to antimicrobial agents by …