Genomes contain the necessary information to ensure that genes are expressed in the right
place, at the right time, and with the proper rate. Metazoan developmental genes often …

A mechanistic understanding of evolutionary developmental biology requires the
development of novel techniques for the manipulation of gene function in phylogenetically …

Reverse genetic tools are essential for characterizing phenotypes of novel genes and
testing functional hypotheses generated from next‐generation sequencing studies. RNA …

Embryonic development depends on the orchestration of hundreds of regulatory and
structural genes to initiate expression at the proper time, in the correct spatial domain (s) …

The ascidian (sea squirt) C. intestinalis has become an important model organism for the
study of cisregulation. This is largely due to the technology that has been developed for …

Urochordates are the closest relatives of vertebrates and at the larval stage, possess a
characteristic bilateral chordate body plan. In vertebrates, the genes that orchestrate …

The expression of exogenous DNA in Sertoli cells is essential for studying its functional
genomics, pathway analysis, and medical applications. Electroporation is a valuable tool for …

Use of antibodies is a cornerstone of biological studies and it is important to identify the
recognized protein with certainty. Generally an antibody is considered specific if it labels a …

Electrical pulses directly and effectively boost both in vitro and in vivo gene transfer, but this
process is greatly affected by non-electrical factors that exist during electroporation. These …

Decades of studies on ascidian embryogenesis have culminated in deciphering the first
gene regulatory “blueprint” for the generation of all major larval tissue types in chordates …