The human genome encodes nine different adrenoceptor genes. These are grouped into
three families, namely, the α 1-, α 2-, and β-adrenoceptors, with three family members each …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The basic causes of
CVD are not fully understood yet. Substantial evidence suggests that genetic predisposition …

Abstract β-blockers are commonly prescribed to treat multiple cardiovascular (CV) diseases,
but, frequently, adverse drug reactions and intolerance limit their use in clinical practice …

We sought to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the
genes involved in βAR signaling with the response of patients to βAR blockers. A total of …

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT• Chronic heart failure (HF) is a
syndrome with increasing prevalence. Though mortality is still high, the introduction of β …

Introduction β-blockers are among the most widely prescribed of all drugs, used for
treatment of a large number of cardiovascular diseases. Herein we evaluate literature …

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a widely expressed G protein-coupled receptor
(GPCR) that mediates numerous tissue-specific functions. Its multiple ligands and diverse …

The β2‑adrenergic receptor (β2‑AR, encoded by the ADRB2 gene) is a member of the G‑
protein‑coupled receptor superfamily that can be stimulated by catecholamines. Studies in …

Aims The risk stratification of patients for heart failure (HF) remains a challenge, as well as
the anticipation of the response to β-blocker therapy. Since the pivotal role of β1 adrenergic …

Because of its comparatively recent evolution, Homo sapiens exhibit relatively little within-
species genomic diversity. However, because of genome size, a proportionately small …