Simple Summary Carboxyl/cholinesterases (CCEs) represent a family of enzymes
distributed in many organisms, including insects. Despite their relatively simple catalyzed …

Engineered proteins, especially enzymes, are now commonly used in many industries
owing to their catalytic power, specific binding of ligands, and properties as materials and …

Finding new mechanistic solutions for biocatalytic challenges is key in the evolutionary
adaptation of enzymes, as well as in devising new catalysts. The recent release of man …

Developments in computational chemistry, bioinformatics, and laboratory evolution have
facilitated the de novo design and catalytic optimization of enzymes. Besides creating useful …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most significant neurodegenerative disorders and its
symptoms mostly appear in aged people. Catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of …

Glucose oxidase has wide applications in the pharmaceutical, chemical, and food industries.
Many recent studies have enhanced key properties of this enzyme using directed evolution …

Organophosphorus agents (OPs) are irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
OP poisoning causes major cholinergic syndrome. Current medical counter-measures …

Insecticides allow control of agricultural pests and disease vectors and are vital for global
food security and health. The evolution of resistance to insecticides, such as …

Recent years have seen an increasing number of incidence, in which organophosphate
nerve agents (OPNAs) have been used against civilians with devastating outcomes. Current …

Proteins are dynamic molecules whose structures consist of an ensemble of conformational
states. Dynamics contribute to protein function and a link to protein evolution has begun to …