As climates change across already stressed ecosystems, there is no doubt that species will
be affected, but to what extent and which will be most vulnerable remain uncertain. The …

BACKGROUND The pace and magnitude of human-caused global change has accelerated
dramatically over the past 50 years, overwhelming the capacity of many ecosystems and …

The effects of climate change on biodiversity are increasingly well documented, and many
methods have been developed to assess species' vulnerability to climatic changes, both …

Determining the timing of diversification of modern birds has been difficult. We combined
DNA sequences of clock-like genes for most avian families with 130 fossil birds to generate …

Localized ecological systems are known to shift abruptly and irreversibly from one state to
another when they are forced across critical thresholds. Here we review evidence that the …

This third edition of Reconstructing Quaternary Environments has been completely revised
and updated to provide a new account of the history and scale of environmental changes …

" Sometime before 15,000 years ago, a band of hunter-gatherers arrived in Northeast Asia.
They continued east, becoming the first people to set foot in the Americas. They soon found …

Did climate change shape human evolution? This question has old, deep roots (,), but in
recent decades, the fossil record of hominin evolution and behavior has improved, although …

Recent studies have shown that the polar bear matriline (mitochondrial DNA) evolved from a
brown bear lineage since the late Pleistocene, potentially indicating rapid speciation and …

Humans now play a major role in altering Earth and its biota. Finding ways to ameliorate
human impacts on biodiversity and to sustain and restore the ecosystem services on which …