The role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) takes center stage among unanswered questions in
modern neuroscience. The PFC has a Janus-faced nature: it enables sophisticated cognitive …

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic, relapsing disease with a highly multifaceted
pathology that includes (but is not limited to) sensitivity to drug-associated cues, negative …

Variation in an animal's behavioral state is linked to fluctuations in brain activity and
cognitive ability. In the neocortex, state-dependent circuit dynamics may reflect …

Cortical gain regulation allows neurons to respond adaptively to changing inputs. Neural
gain is modulated by internal and external influences, including attentional and arousal …

GABAergic interneurons, which are highly diverse, have long been thought to contribute to
the timing of neural activity as well as to the generation and shaping of brain rhythms …

Neuronal networks consist of different types of neurons that all play their own role in order to
maintain proper network function. The two main types of neurons segregate in excitatory and …

Cortical neurons process information on multiple timescales, and areas important for
working memory (WM) contain neurons capable of integrating information over a long …

Cortical sensory maps are remodeled during early life to adapt to the surrounding
environment. Both sensory and contextual signals are important for induction of this …

Neocortex is classically divided into distinct areas, each specializing in different function, but
all could benefit from reinforcement feedback to inform and update local processing. Yet it …

Both the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) have been implicated
in maladaptive anxiety characteristics of anxiety disorders. However, the underlying circuit …