The escalating global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance poses a critical threat,
prompting concerns about its impact on public health. This predicament is exacerbated by …

Recent studies have indicated that gut microbiota-mediated oxidative stress is significantly
associated with intestinal diseases such as colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's …

Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and
Saccharomyces boulardii are common probiotic supplements. Colonic subepithelial …

Enterococci are common commensal bacteria that colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of most
mammals, including humans. Importantly, these bacteria are one of the leading causes of …

Memory-like responses in innate immune cells confer nonspecific protection against
secondary exposures. A number of microbial agents have been found to induce enhanced …

Lactobacillus delbrueckii (LAB) has been demonstrated to exert versatile beneficial effects
on modulating intestinal immunity, increasing gut microbial diversity, promoting growth …

Mucosal vaccination offer an advantage over systemic inoculation from the immunological
viewpoint. The development of an efficient vaccine is now a priority for emerging diseases …

The initial exposure to pathogens and commensals confers innate immune cells the capacity
to respond distinctively upon a second stimulus. This training capacity might play key …

The potentially powerful impact of microbiota has attracted much attention. For example,
dysbiosis of the gut microbiota could be linked to various cancers. It is probable that DNA …

The human pathobiont Streptococcus pyogenes forms biofilms and causes invasive
infections, such as pharyngotonsillitis and necrotizing fasciitis. Bacterial biofilms are more …