Over the years, computer vision and machine learn-ing disciplines have considerably
advanced the field of automated visual inspection for Printed Circuit Board (PCB-AVI) …

Over the past two decades, globalized outsourcing in the semiconductor supply chain has
lowered manufacturing costs and shortened the time-to-market for original equipment …

There is a general consensus that contemporary electronics are at risk of cyber-attacks or
malicious modifications, such as Hardware Trojans (HT). This makes it crucial to develop …

Reverse engineering (RE) of hardware designs poses a significant threat to the modern
distributed electronics supply chain. RE can be performed at both chip and printed circuit …

Effective resistance to intellectual property theft, reverse engineering, and hardware Trojan
insertion in integrated circuit supply chains is increasingly essential, for which many …

Many recent papers have proposed novel electrical measurements or physical inspection
technologies for defending printed circuit boards (PCBs) and printed circuit board …

Printed circuit Boards (PCBs) are becoming increasingly vulnerable to malicious design
alteration, also known as Trojan attacks, due to a distributed business model that often …

To secure PCB assemblies, methods for detecting counterfeit components, malicious
modifications, and in-field tampering have been proposed. However, concerning trends …

The modern semiconductor device manufacturing flow is becoming increasingly vulnerable
to malicious implants called Hardware Trojans (HT). With HTs becoming stealthier a need …

Hardware is the root of trust for electronics security. Unfortunately, from intellectual property
theft and exploitation of hardware vulnerabilities to steal sensitive data, problems in …