Bioprinting describes the printing of biomaterials and cell-laden or cell-free hydrogels with
various combinations of embedded bioactive molecules. It encompasses the precise …

For several decades now, researchers have been trying to answer the demand of clinical
oncologists to create an ideal preclinical model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma …

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a significant challenge
worldwide due to its aggressiveness and high recurrence rates post-treatment, often linked …

Developing in vitro models that accurately mimic the microenvironment of biological
structures or processes holds substantial promise for gaining insights into specific biological …

Collagen-based biomaterials (CBB) are highly esteemed by researchers in materials
science and biomedicine due to their extensive applications across various biomedical …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) performs both as a static scaffold and as a dynamic,
viscoelastic milieu that actively participates in cell signaling and mechanical feedback loops …

Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) ranks as the eighth most prevalent cancer
globally, often diagnosed at a locally advanced stage in approximately 60% of HNSCC …

The study of head and neck cancer (HNC) has been significantly enhanced by the
development of 3D spheroid models, which closely replicate the in vivo tumor …