To better understand the impact of gravity waves (GWs) on the middle atmosphere in the
current and future climate, it is essential to understand their excitation mechanisms and to …

Many gravity wave analyses, based on either observations or model simulations, assume
the presence of only a single dominant wave. This paper shows that there are much more …

The radiative energy budget in the Arctic undergoes a rapid transformation compared with
global mean changes. Understanding the role of cirrus clouds in this system is vital, as they …

Bromine released from the decomposition of short-lived brominated source gases
contributes as a sink of ozone in the lower stratosphere. The two major contributors are CH 2 …

During winter 2015/2016, the Arctic stratosphere was characterized by extraordinarily low
temperatures in connection with a very strong polar vortex and with the occurrence of …

In this study, we present simultaneous airborne measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN),
ethane (C 2 H 6), formic acid (HCOOH), methanol (CH 3 OH), and ethylene (C 2 H 4) above …

The composition of the extratropical transition layer (ExTL), which is the transition zone
between the stratosphere and the troposphere in the midlatitudes, largely depends on …

The age of stratospheric air is a concept commonly used to evaluate transport timescales in
atmospheric models. The mean age can be derived from observations of a single long-lived …

Derivation of mean age of air (AoA) and age spectra from atmospheric measurements
remains a challenge and often requires output from atmospheric models. This study tries to …

Stratospheric inorganic chlorine (Cl y) is predominantly released from long-lived chlorinated
source gases and, to a small extent, very short-lived chlorinated substances. Cl y includes …