Autoimmune diseases are a diverse group of conditions characterized by aberrant B cell
and T cell reactivity to normal constituents of the host. These diseases occur widely and …

Highlights•Autoimmunity is defined by a self-reactive adaptive immune system, causing
clinical pathology in autoimmune diseases.•Evidence suggests that autoimmunity and …

The global incidence of numerous immune-mediated, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and
psychiatric diseases is steadily increasing [1–3]. The increased morbidity of human …

Approximately 5% of the world-wide population is affected by autoimmune diseases.
Overall, autoimmune diseases are still difficult to treat, impose a high burden on patients …

Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver of unknown cause that may
progress to liver cirrhosis and end stage liver failure if diagnosis is overlooked and treatment …

Autoimmune diseases disproportionately affect females more than males. The XX sex
chromosome complement is strongly associated with susceptibility to autoimmunity. Xist …

Summary Background Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is characterised by a wide range of
symptoms, primarily fatigue and exertion intolerance. While disease courses in the early …

Mitochondria retain bacterial traits due to their endosymbiotic origin, but host cells do not
recognize them as foreign because the organelles are sequestered. However, the regulated …

Objective Environmental air pollution has been associated with disruption of the immune
system at a molecular level. The primary aim of the present study was to describe the …

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like glands and stroma located
outside the uterine cavity. This common, estrogen dependent, inflammatory condition affects …