Endothelial cells (ECs) constitute the innermost layer in all blood vessels to maintain the
structural integrity and microcirculation function for coronary microvasculature. Impaired …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are microvascular complications of
diabetes. Microvascular endothelial cells are thought to be the major targets of …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Advanced insights into
disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies require a deeper understanding of the …

The rapid emergence of spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies is revolutionizing our
understanding of tissue spatial architecture and biology. Although current ST methods …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness, initiates in the outer-
blood-retina-barrier (oBRB) formed by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), Bruch's …

Currently, due to the increasing demand for 3D culture, various organoids that mimic organs
are being actively studied. Despite active reports, information on heart organoids (HOs) …

A lack of models that recapitulate the complexity of human bone marrow has hampered
mechanistic studies of normal and malignant hematopoiesis and the validation of novel …

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins
consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine …

Retinal ganglion cells, the neurons that die in glaucoma, are endowed with a high
metabolism requiring optimal provision of oxygen and nutrients to sustain their activity. The …

Each month during a woman's reproductive years, the endometrium undergoes vast
changes to prepare for a potential pregnancy. Diseases of the endometrium arise for …