The key role of vitamin A in embryonal development is reviewed. Special emphasis is given
to the physiological action of retinoids, as evident from the retinoid ligand knockout models …

Neuraxial patterning is a continuous process that extends over a protracted period of
development. During gastrulation a crude anteroposterior pattern, detectable by molecular …

Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer 1, but
account for only a small fraction of breast cancer susceptibility 1, 2. To find additional genes …

Anteroposterior (AP) patterning of the vertebrate neural plate is initiated during gastrulation
and is regulated by Spemann's organizer and its derivatives. The prevailing model for AP …

Retinoic acid (RA) is a morphogen derived from retinol (vitamin A) that plays important roles
in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. The production of RA from retinol requires …

The active derivative of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA), is essential for normal embryonic
development. The spatio-temporal distribution of embryonic RA results from regulated …

Retinoic acid (RA), a derivative of vitamin A, plays a pivotal role in vertebrate development.
The level of RA may be determined by the balance between its synthesis and degradation …

Retinoids—a family of molecules that are derived from vitamin A—have been implicated in
many developmental processes. In the embryonic vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) …

The active metabolite of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA), is a powerful regulator of gene
transcription. RA is also a therapeutic drug. The oxidative metabolism of RA by certain …

Five different enzymatic activities, catalyzed by both microsomal and mitochondrial
cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), are strongly implicated in the biosynthesis of …