Phase and antigenic variation result in a heterogenic phenotype of a clonal bacterial
population, in which individual cells either express the phase-variable protein (s) or not, or …

Bacterial strain typing, or identifying bacteria at the strain level, is particularly important for
diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiological surveillance of bacterial infections. This is …

The Bacillus cereus group comprises numerous closely related species, including
bioterrorism agent B. anthracis, foodborne pathogen B. cereus, and biopesticide B …

Many museums and academic institutions maintain first-rate collections of biological
materials, ranging from preserved whole organisms to DNA libraries and cell lines. These …

In October 2001, the first inhalational anthrax case in the United States since 1976 was
identified in a media company worker in Florida. A national investigation was initiated to …

Milk is a source of essential nutrients for infants and adults, and its production has increased
worldwide over the past years. Despite developments in the dairy industry, premature …

Anthrax, caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, is a disease of historical and current
importance that is found throughout the world. The basis of its historical transmission is …

In addition to the ever-present concern of medical professionals about epidemics of
infectious diseases, the relative ease of access and low cost of obtaining, producing, and …

Precise identification of Bacillus anthracis isolates has aided forensic and epidemiological
analyses of natural anthrax cases, bioterrorism acts and industrial scale accidents by state …

DNA fingerprinting has attracted considerable interest as means for identifying, tracing and
preventing the dissemination of infectious agents. Various methods have been developed …