This is the first comprehensive review on methods and materials for use in optical sensing of
pH values and on applications of such sensors. The Review starts with an introduction that …

There has been a consistent increase in output related to the development and application
of optical chemical sensors since∼ 1980. The rise of activity was linked to the major …

Benthic O2 availability regulates many important biogeochemical processes and has crucial
implications for the biology and ecology of benthic communities. Further, the benthic O2 …

Multiple natural and anthropogenic processes alter the carbonate chemistry of the coastal
zone in ways that either exacerbate or mitigate ocean acidification effects. Freshwater inputs …

The increasing appreciation of the small-scale (sub-mm) heterogeneity of biogeochemical
processes in sediments, wetlands and soils has led to the development of several methods …

A simple, high resolution colormetric planar optode imaging approach is presented. The
approach is simple and inexpensive yet versatile, and can be used to study the two …

The hypothesis that reducing conditions exist in localized zones of high organic matter,
termed microniches, was first suggested over a century ago, but only relatively recently have …

Although its first definition dates back to more than a century ago, pH and its measurement
are still studied for improving the performance of current sensors in everyday analysis. The …

Water eutrophication has become a global environmental issue recently. Investigating the
chemical gradient, spatial heterogeneity of dissolved oxygen, pH, phosphorus, sulfur, and …

Instability is a key challenge for current pH sensors in practical applications, especially in
aquatic environments with high biomass and redox substances. Herein, we present a novel …