Background Currently, there is little information regarding the concentrations of
phosphorylated neurofilament heavy protein (pNfH) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid …

Background Phosphorylated neurofilament heavy, a marker of neuroaxonal damage, is
increased in horses with equine neuroaxonal dystrophy. However, the temporal dynamics of …

Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a challenging disease to diagnose in horses
with neurological signs. To optimize contemporary diagnostic testing, including the use of …

Neurofilaments heavy chain proteins (pNF-H) have been identified as useful serum
biomarkers for humans and animals with neurologic conditions, some of which can lead to …

Neurofilaments are structural proteins that are concentrated in the body and axons of
neurons. Damage to the neurons or axons as a result of trauma or infectious diseases leads …

Background Cervical vertebral compressive myelopathy (CVCM) and equine neuroaxonal
dystrophy/degenerative myeloencephalopathy (eNAD/EDM) are leading causes of spinal …

Back pain is one of the most common triggers of performance failure in athletic and riding
horses. Diagnosis of equine back pain has been very challenging for equine practitioners …

Abstract Introduction/Aims In myasthenia gravis, prolonged muscle denervation causes
muscle atrophy. We re‐visited this observation using a biomarker hypothesis. We tested if …

A plasma biomarker such as ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL-1) to
distinguish neonatal encephalopathy (NE) from other disorders and provide prognostic …

Neurological disorders (NDs) are often fatal to horses. Thus, symptoms of equine NDs
commonly indicate euthanasia. Current diagnostic approaches for equine NDs is based on …