Respiration is a brain function on which our lives essentially depend. Control of respiration
ensures that the frequency and depth of breathing adapt continuously to metabolic needs. In …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results not only in motor and sensory deficits but also in autonomic
dysfunctions. The disruption of connections between higher brain centers and the spinal …

Spinal cord injuries often occur at the cervical level above the phrenic motor pools, which
innervate the diaphragm. The effects of impaired breathing are a leading cause of death …

Spinal interneurons are important facilitators and modulators of motor, sensory, and
autonomic functions in the intact CNS. This heterogeneous population of neurons is now …

There exists an abundance of barriers that hinder functional recovery following spinal cord
injury, especially at chronic stages. Here, we examine the rescue of breathing up to 1.5 …

Dysfunctional breathing is the main cause of morbidity and mortality after traumatic injury of
the cervical spinal cord, and often necessitates assisted ventilation, thus stressing the need …

There is growing interest in the use of neural precursor cells to treat spinal cord injury (SCI).
Despite extensive pre-clinical research, it remains unclear as to which donor neuron …

The central nervous system is not a static, hard-wired organ. Examples of neuroplasticity,
whether at the level of the synapse, the cell, or within and between circuits, can be found …

Numerous studies have demonstrated anatomical and functional neuroplasticity following
spinal cord injury. One of the more notable examples is return of ipsilateral phrenic …

Widespread appreciation that neuroplasticity is an essential feature of the neural system
controlling breathing has emerged only in recent years. In this chapter, we focus on …