Islands have long been recognized as distinctive evolutionary arenas leading to
morphologically divergent species, such as dwarfs and giants. We assessed how body size …

Aim The island rule has been widely applied to a range of taxonomic groups, with some
studies reporting supporting evidence but others questioning this hypothesis. To bring more …

Islands are renowned for their remarkable biotas and have been widely recognised as
natural laboratories for the study of evolution, speciation, and extinction. Large mammals in …

Myotragus balearicus was the last living representative of an extinct caprine lineage
endemic to the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean), which became extinct following …

Aim Mammals on islands often undergo remarkable evolutionary changes. The acquisition
of 'low gear'locomotion, namely short and robust limb elements, has been typically …

The island rule describes a graded trend in insular populations of vertebrates from gigantism
in small species to dwarfism in large species. The dwarfing of large mammals on islands has …

Insular populations of mammals have been shown to undergo drastic morphological
changes relative to mainland counterparts, and these adaptations can provide insight into …

Endemic mammalian species on islands are generally known to have followed a different
evolutionary pathway than their mainland relatives. General patterns, such as body size …

The scientific utility of Eugène Dubois' Pithecanthropus erectus (Pe) Skullcap (Trinil 1),
Femur I (Trinil 3) and associated paleontological specimens has been impaired for over a …

Aim I provide the first comprehensive study on body size evolution of extinct and living
insular bovids, exploring the causal biotic and abiotic selective factors for observed patterns …