Mountain building results in high erosion rates and the interaction of rocks with the
atmosphere, water and life. Carbon transfers that result from increased erosion could control …

The record of the continental lithosphere is patchy and incomplete; no known rock is older
than 4.02 Ga, and less than 5% of the rocks preserved are older than 3 Ga. In addition, there …

Mountain uplift and erosion have regulated the balance of carbon between Earth's interior
and atmosphere, where prior focus has been placed on the role of silicate mineral …

A new data compilation shows that in intermediate to felsic rocks, zircon Eu/Eu*[chondrite
normalized Eu/] correlates with whole rock La/Yb, which has been be used to infer crustal …

Mountain belts modulate denudation flux and hydrologic processes and are thus
fundamental to nutrient cycling on Earth's surface. We used europium anomalies in detrital …

Earth's climate may be stabilized over millennia by solubilization of atmospheric carbon
dioxide (CO2) as minerals weather, but the temperature sensitivity of this thermostat is …

Riverine export of particulate organic carbon (POC) to the ocean affects the atmospheric
carbon inventory over a broad range of timescales,,,,. On geological timescales, the balance …

The base of Earth's critical zone (CZ) is commonly shielded from study by many meters of
overlying rock and regolith. Though deep CZ processes may seem far removed from the …

Nitrogen availability is a pivotal control on terrestrial carbon sequestration and global
climate change. Historical and contemporary views assume that nitrogen enters Earth's land …

The long-term cooling, decline in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and the
establishment of permanent polar ice sheets during the Neogene period, have frequently …