Recently, a taxonomic review of the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) literature published
between 2009 and June 2015 stated that most of the surveyed articles use metaheuristics …

Over the past decades, the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) and its variants have grown ever
more popular in the academic literature. Yet, the problem characteristics and assumptions …

Abstract Recently developed Harris Hawks Optimization has virtuous behavior for finding
optimum solution in search space. However, it easily get trapped into local search space for …

The attributes of vehicle routing problems are additional characteristics or constraints that
aim to better take into account the specificities of real applications. The variants thus formed …

Variable neighbourhood search (VNS) is a metaheuristic, or a framework for building
heuristics, based upon systematic changes of neighbourhoods both in descent phase, to …

In this work we propose a hybrid algorithm for a class of Vehicle Routing Problems with
homogeneous fleet. A sequence of Set Partitioning (SP) models, with columns …

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the school bus routing problem
(SBRP). SBRP seeks to plan an efficient schedule for a fleet of school buses where each …

This study focuses on the collaborative multicenter vehicle routing problem with time
windows and mixed deliveries and pickups (CMVRPTWMDP), which is a variant of the …

Recently, a growing concern with sustainability has become a consideration in business
operations. However, there is a lack of mathematical models that quantify environmental …

The problem studied in this paper is the multi-depot open vehicle routing problem, which
has the following two differences in relation to the classical vehicle routing problem: there …