Following nature's design principles, biological entities have evolved to be highly efficient
and multifunctional to maximize all the available materials and structures and to survive in …

Stronger, tougher, and lighter materials are always among the relentless pursuits of material
scientists and engineers. The hierarchical design inspired by nature has been considered …

Bone is a natural composite of collagen protein and the mineral hydroxyapatite. The
structure of bone is known to be important to its load-bearing characteristics, but relatively …

Abstract Development of advanced synthetic materials that can mimic the mechanical
properties of non-mineralized soft biological materials has important implications in a wide …

Graphene-based paper materials attract particular interests recently owing to their
outstanding properties, the key of which is their layer-by-layer hierarchical structures similar …

Studying the structure–property relation of biological materials can not only provide insight
into the physical mechanisms underlying their superior properties and functions but also …

Structural biological materials are multiphase composite materials in nature. Their
mechanical properties are extraordinary despite their weak constituents. This review aims to …

Nacre, bone and spider silk are staggered composites where inclusions of high aspect ratio
reinforce a softer matrix. Such staggered composites have emerged through natural …

This paper describes a micromechanical analysis of the uniaxial response of composites
comprising elastic platelets (bricks) bonded together with thin elastic perfectly plastic layers …

Achieving simultaneous enhancement of multiple mechanical properties in fiber reinforced
polymer composites is a difficult challenge. In this work, unidirectional carbon nanotube …