Of the circa 40 cytokines of the TGF-β superfamily, around a third are currently known to bind
to heparin and heparan sulphate. This includes TGF-β1, TGF-β2, certain bone …

Purpose The purpose of this study was to revise the clinical use of commercial BMP2
(Infuse) and BMP7 (Osigraft) based bone devices and explore the mechanism of action and …

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are known to induce new bone formation in vivo but
treating trabecular bone defects with a BMP based therapeutic remains controversial. Here …

It is nowadays well-accepted that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is not a simple reservoir for
growth factors but is an organization center of their biological activity. In this review, we focus …

Chronic use of heparin as an anti-coagulant for the treatment of thrombosis or embolism
invokes many adverse systemic events including thrombocytopenia, vascular reactions and …

Integration of biological factors and hierarchical rigid scaffolds is of great interest in bone
tissue engineering for fabrication of biomimetic constructs with high physical and biological …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a model for the study of virus–host interaction and host cell
responses to infection. Virus entry into hepatocytes is the first step in the HCV life cycle, and …

Iron is an essential element that is required for oxygen transfer, redox, and metabolic
activities in mammals and bacteria. Mycobacteria, some of the most prevalent infectious …

Hepcidin controls systemic iron availability, and its excess contributes to the anemia of
chronic diseases, the most prevalent anemia in hospitalized patients. We previously …

Iron is an essential element due to its role in a wide variety of physiological processes. Iron
homeostasis is crucial to prevent iron overload disorders as well as iron deficiency anemia …