In many mammalian species, the accessory olfactory system plays a central role in guiding
behavioral and physiological responses to social and reproductive interactions. Because of …

Physiological roles of Cl−, a major anion in the body, are not well known compared with
those of cations. This review article introduces:(1) roles of Cl− in bodily and cellular …

Astrocytic volume regulation and neurotransmitter uptake are critically dependent on the
intracellular anion concentration, but little is known about the mechanisms controlling …

Developmental, cellular, and subcellular variations in the direction of neuronal Cl–currents
elicited by GABA A receptor activation have been frequently reported. We found a …

Abstract Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), an important mediator of the antiviral immune response, can
also act as a neuromodulator. CNS IFN-γ levels rise acutely in response to infection and …

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) with fluorescent ion sensors enables the
measurement of ion concentrations based on the detection of photon emission events after …

Signal transduction in sensory neurons of the mammalian vomeronasal organ (VNO)
involves the opening of the canonical transient receptor potential channel Trpc2, a Ca2+ …

The mouse vomeronasal system controls several social behaviors. Pheromones and other
social cues are detected by sensory neurons in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). Stimuli …

Ca 2+-activated Cl− currents have been observed in many physiological processes,
including sensory transduction in mammalian olfaction. The olfactory vomeronasal (or …

Lysosomes are highly dynamic organelles that maintain cellular homeostasis and regulate
fundamental cellular processes by integrating multiple metabolic pathways. Lysosomal ion …