Mitochondria play a major role in ROS production and defense during their life cycle. The
transcriptional activator PGC-1α is a key player in the homeostasis of energy metabolism …

Airway inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNFα) underlie the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases, including asthma. Previously …

An increase in astrocyte reactivity has been described in Alzheimer's disease and seems to
be related to the presence of a pro-inflammatory environment. Reactive astrocytes show an …

The purinergic system has a dual role: the maintenance of energy balance and signaling
within cells. Adenosine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are essential for maintaining …

Cellular mitochondrial function can be assessed using high-resolution respirometry that
measures the O2 consumption rate (OCR) across a number of cells. However, a direct …

Macrophages play a crucial role in the innate immune response, serving as key effector cells
in the defense against pathogens. Although the role of the large-conductance voltage and …

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), a proinflammatory cytokine, plays a significant role in
mediating the effects of acute inflammation in response to allergens, pollutants, and …

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a key mitochondrial enzyme involved in the tricarboxylic
acid cycle, where it facilitates the oxidation of succinate to fumarate, and is coupled to the …