BackgroundCognition is commonly affected in brain disorders. Non-invasive brain
stimulation (NIBS) may have procognitive effects, with high tolerability. This meta-analysis …

A group of European experts was commissioned to establish guidelines on the therapeutic
use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) from evidence published up until …

Brain stimulation, a therapy increasingly used for neurological and psychiatric disease,
traditionally is divided into invasive approaches, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), and …

Much recent discussion about the origin of Parkinsonian symptoms has centered around the
idea that they arise with the increase of beta frequency waves in the EEG. This activity may …

Objective: To assess whether multifocal, high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation (rTMS) of motor and prefrontal cortex benefits motor and mood symptoms in …

Since its commercial advent in 1985, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a technique
for stimulating neurons in the cerebral cortex through the scalp, safely and with minimal …

Introduction Two methods of non-invasive brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic
stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have demonstrable …

Introduction Therapeutic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on
motor recovery of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been reported; however, the protocols of …

Objective: To improve gait and balance in patients with Parkinson's disease by combining
anodal transcranial direct current stimulation with physical training. Design: In a double …

Background The effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) depends highly on
the coil orientation relative to the subject's head. This implies that the direction of the …