As more is learned about injury mechanisms of concussion and scenarios under which
injuries are sustained in football games, methods used to evaluate protective equipment …

Advances in low-cost wearable head impact sensor technology provide potential benefits
regarding sports safety for both consumers and researchers. However, previous laboratory …

Concussive and subconcussive sports-related head impacts are common in the United
States, particularly in American football. Football helmets are constantly improving upon …

Football helmet certification tests are performed without a facemask attached to the helmet;
however, the facemask is expected to contribute substantially to the structure and dynamics …

Reproduction of anthropomorphic test device (ATD) head impact test methods is a critical
element needed to develop guidance and technologies that reduce the risk for brain injury in …

Despite continued efforts to improve American football headgear technology, minimal
structural changes have been made to faceguard design in the past 20 years. Although each …

Current youth football helmets, intended for players under the age of 14 years, are similar in
design and are tested according to the same standards as varsity football helmets. This …

Recent advances in headgear design research have sought to inform athletes' safety related
decisions by ranking headgear systems according to impact performance. These rankings …

Concussions are one of the most common injuries in sport and can result in detrimental long-
term health effects. To reduce the severity of concussion and head injury, protective …

The motivation for this Ph. D. dissertation is to provide football equipment managers,
coaches, parents, athletes, and relevant industry personnel with an understanding of the …