▪ Abstract The single-point statistics of turbulence in the 'roughness sub-layer'occupied by
the plant canopy and the air layer just above it differ significantly from those in the surface …

This paper reviews current parameterizations developed and implemented within
Computational Fluid Dynamics models for the study of the effects linking vegetation, mainly …

Studying the microclimate of plant canopies has long motivated scientists in various
research fields such as agronomy, ecology or silviculture, and almost a century has passed …

This paper argues that the active turbulence and coherent motions near the top of a
vegetation canopy are patterned on a plane mixing layer, because of instabilities associated …

Aquatic vegetation controls the mean and turbulent flow structure in channels and coastal
regions and thus impacts the fate and transport of sediment and contaminants. Experiments …

The canonical form of atmospheric flows near theland surface, in the absence of a canopy,
resembles a rough-wallboundary layer. However, in the presence of an extensive and …

Experience of long term flux measurements over tall canopiesduring the last two decades
has revealed that the eddy flux of sensible plus latentheat is typically 30% smaller than the …

We compare the turbulence statistics of the canopy/roughness sublayer (RSL) and the
inertial sublayer (ISL) above. In the RSL the turbulence is more coherent and more efficient …

Applications of wavelet analysis to the geophysical sciences grew from Jean Morlet's work
on seismic signals in the 1980s. Used to detect signals against noise, wavelet analysis …

In contrast to free shear layers, which grow continuously downstream, shear layers
generated by submerged vegetation grow only to a finite thickness. Because these shear …