Population genomic analyses of high-altitude humans and other vertebrates have identified
numerous candidate genes for hypoxia adaptation, and the physiological pathways …

Oxygen, which is necessary for sustaining energy metabolism, is consumed in many
biochemical reactions in eukaryotes. When the oxygen supply is insufficient for maintaining …

Hypoxia-inducible factor pathway genes are linked to adaptation in both human and
nonhuman highland species. EPAS1, a notable target of hypoxia adaptation, is associated …

Yak has been subject to natural selection, human domestication and interspecific
introgression during its evolution. However, genetic variants favored by each of these …

Stem cells exist in vitro in a spectrum of interconvertible pluripotent states. Analyzing
hundreds of hiPSCs derived from different individuals, we show the proportions of these …

Strong ultraviolet (UV) radiation at high altitude imposes a serious selective pressure, which
may induce skin pigmentation adaptation of indigenous populations. We conducted skin …

Abstract The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), possesses a climate as cold as that of the Arctic,
and also presents uniquely low oxygen concentrations and intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation …

High-altitude hypoxia acclimatization requires whole-body physiological regulation in
highland immigrants, but the underlying genetic mechanism has not been clarified. Here we …

In Tibetans, noncoding alleles in EPAS1—whose protein product hypoxia-inducible factor
2α (HIF-2α) drives the response to hypoxia—carry strong signatures of positive selection; …

Reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia) can act as a signalling cue in physiological
processes such as development, but also in pathological conditions such as cancer or …