Contents Summary 982 I. Introduction 982 II. The portraits of our ancestors: a gallery of ideas
from more than 100 years of mycorrhizal research 983 III. Mycorrhizal fungi in the 'omics' era …

Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi are major microbial components of boreal, temperate and
Mediterranean forests, as well as some tropical forest ecosystems. Nearly two decades of …

The absence of co‐evolved mutualists of plants invading a novel habitat is the logical
corollary of the more widely recognized 'enemy escape'. To avoid or overcome the loss of …

The most frequently encountered symbiont on tree roots is the ascomycete Cenococcum
geophilum, the only mycorrhizal species within the largest fungal class Dothideomycetes, a …

Despite the ubiquity and importance of ectomycorrhizal fungi to ecosystem function, our
understanding of their functional ecology remains poor. The highly melanized and common …

The diversity of fungi along environmental gradients has been little explored in contrast to
plants and animals. Consequently, environmental factors influencing the composition of …

Spatial analysis was used to explore the distribution of individual species in an
ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal community to address: whether mycorrhizas of individual …

The establishment of common mycelial networks by mycorrhizal fungi shared between host
plants depends on the ability of neighboring plants to enter into mycorrhizal associations …

Non-native tree species have been widely planted or have become naturalized in most
forested landscapes. It is not clear if native trees species collectively differ in ectomycorrhizal …

Biogeographical patterns and large‐scale genetic structure have been little studied in
ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, despite the ecological and economic importance of EM …