The genetic evolution of altruism (ie, a behavior resulting in a net reduction of the survival
and/or reproduction of an actor to benefit a recipient) once perplexed biologists because it …

The study of group selection has had a remarkable history _ Prior to 1966 it was a widely
accepted concept, supported by some of the most prominent evolution ists of the day. It also …

Cooperation in organisms, whether bacteria or primates, has been a difficulty for
evolutionary theory since Darwin. On the assumption that interactions between pairs of …

In both biology and the human sciences, social groups are sometimes treated as adaptive
units whose organization cannot be reduced to individual interactions. This group-level view …

Cooperation is central to the emergence of multicellular life; however, the means by which
the earliest collectives (groups of cells) maintained integrity in the face of destructive …

Traditionally a scientific theory is viewed as based on universal laws of nature that serve as
axioms for logical deduction. In analyzing the logical structure of evolutionary biology …

Wie ist Kooperation möglich in einer Welt von Egoisten, in der es keine zentrale Autorität
gibt? Axelrod entwickelt aus der Spieltheorie-auf der Basis des" Gefangenendilemmas"-eine …

Abstract and Summary I. 7 vocalizations emitted in the predator context are defined in terms
of their function. The physical and physiological constraints on the evolution of the physical …

Interaction among individuals is universal, both in animals and in plants, and substantially
affects evolution of natural populations and responses to artificial selection in agriculture …

Apart from some comments by Fisher (32) and Haldane (34, 35) and the practice of artificial
selection based on relatives [eg (56, 1 17); see (6), p. 20 for Darwin's views on this], the …