We are now near the top of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, at the point before the
mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilizes to release proteins such as cytochrome c into …

Twelve regulated cell death programs have been described. We review in detail the basic
biology of nine including death receptor-mediated apoptosis, death receptor-mediated …

Cells may die from accidental cell death (ACD) or regulated cell death (RCD). ACD is a
biologically uncontrolled process, whereas RCD involves tightly structured signaling …

The'hallmarks of cancer'are generally accepted as a set of genetic and epigenetic
alterations that a normal cell must accrue to transform into a fully malignant cancer. It follows …

Genes that drive the proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis of malignant cells have
been identified for many human cancers,,–. Independent studies have identified cell death …

More than 50 years ago, cells were observed to die during insect development via a process
that was named'programmed cell death'. Later, a similar cell death process was found to …

The BCL-2 protein family determines the commitment of cells to apoptosis, an ancient cell
suicide programme that is essential for development, tissue homeostasis and immunity. Too …

BCL-2 family proteins are the regulators of apoptosis, but also have other functions. This
family of interacting partners includes inhibitors and inducers of cell death. Together they …

Caspases are the primary drivers of apoptotic cell death, cleaving cellular proteins that are
critical for dismantling the dying cell. Initially translated as inactive zymogenic precursors …

A little over 50 years ago, Sydney Brenner had the foresight to develop the nematode (round
worm) Caenorhabditis elegans as a genetic model for understanding questions of …