The X chromosome and X-linked variants have largely been ignored in genome-wide and
candidate association studies of infectious diseases due to the complexity of statistical …

Age-related alterations in the human blood system occur in B cells, T cells, cells of the innate
system, as well as hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Interestingly, age …

Fabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked genetic disorder caused by the deficient activity of
lysosomal α‐galactosidase (α‐Gal). While males are usually severely affected, clinical …

Human genomes are 99.9 percent identical—with one prominent exception. Instead of a
matching pair of X chromosomes, men carry a single X, coupled with a tiny chromosome …

Background Fabry disease is a rare X‐linked disorder caused by deficient activity of the
lysosomal enzyme α‐galactosidase A. Progressive accumulation of the substrate …

A large number of autoimmune diseases (ADs) are more prevalent in women. The more
frequent the AD and the later it appears, the more women are affected. Many ideas mainly …

The study of sexual dimorphism in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders is
challenging due to the complex interplay of diverse biological, psychological, and social …

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial genetic disease that
preferentially causes blindness in young adult males, affecting about 1 in 25 000 of the …

▪ Abstract Dosage compensation in mammals is achieved by the transcriptional inactivation
of one X chromosome in female cells. From the time X chromosome inactivation was initially …

X-inactivation is a well-established dosage compensation mechanism ensuring that X-
chromosomal genes are expressed at comparable levels in males and females. Skewed X …