Global warming is one of the major consequences of the human activities where the overuse
of fossil fuels as energy resources caused the increase in the concentration of the …

BACKGROUND The success of human societies depends intimately on the living
components of natural and managed systems. Although the geographical range limits of …

High-elevation trees cannot always reach the thermal treeline, the potential upper range
limit set by growing-season temperature. But delineation of the realized upper range limit of …

Climate change affects life at global scales and across systems but is of special concern in
areas that are disproportionately rich in biological diversity and uniqueness. Using a meta …

Motivation More than half of Earth's species are contained in a mere 1.4% of its land area,
but the climates of many of these biodiversity hotspots are projected to disappear as a …

Background A principal function of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is to “perform regular and timely assessments …

Although theory identifies coextinctions as a main driver of biodiversity loss, their role at the
planetary scale has yet to be estimated. We subjected a global model of interconnected …

The reasons for concern framework communicates scientific understanding about risks in
relation to varying levels of climate change. The framework, now a cornerstone of the IPCC …

Ecosystems in remote regions tend to be highly specific, having historically evolved over
long timescales in relatively constant environmental conditions, with little human influence …

Current predictions of extinction risks from climate change vary widely depending on the
specific assumptions and geographic and taxonomic focus of each study. I synthesized …