There is increasing evidence of sex differences in underlying mechanisms causing pain in
preclinical models, and in clinical populations. There are also important disconnects …

Despite the overwhelming female-predominance in chronic pain disorders, preclinical pain
studies have historically excluded females as research subjects. Male-biased explanations …

Pain is the major debilitating symptom of osteoarthritis (OA), which is difficult to treat. In OA
patients joint tissue damage only poorly associates with pain, indicating other mechanisms …

Decades of research into chronic pain has deepened our understanding of the cellular
mechanisms behind this process. However, a failure to consider the biological variable of …

The amygdala has emerged as a key player in the emotional response to pain and pain
modulation. The lateral and capsular regions of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) …

Neuropathic pain affects millions of people worldwide, yet the molecular mechanisms of how
it develops and persists are poorly understood. Given that males have historically been …

Given decades of neuroinflammatory pain research focused only on males, there is an
urgent need to better understand neuroinflammatory pain in females. This, paired with the …

Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF), a late adverse event of radiation therapy, is
characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells, progressive loss of alveolar structure …

Celecoxib (CLX), a poorly soluble anti-inflammatory drug, requires administration in higher
concentrations to produce therapeutic effects, oftentimes resulting in cardiac toxicity …

Activated macrophages play a critical role in the orchestration of inflammation and
inflammatory pain in several chronic diseases. We present here the first perfluorocarbon …