Seismic tomography reveals 2 extensive regions in the lowermost mantle, beneath Africa
and the Pacific, that exhibit lower-than-average seismic wave speeds. These regions have …

Phase transformations in mantle mineralogies probably cause the transition zone seismic
discontinuities, nominally at 410, 520, and 660 km depth. Thermodynamic principles govern …

A model of three-dimensional shear wave velocity variations in the mantle reveals a tilted
low velocity anomaly extending from the core-mantle boundary (CMB) region beneath the …

New finite‐frequency tomographic images of S‐wave velocity confirm the existence of deep
mantle plumes below a large number of known hot spots. We compare S‐anomaly images …

Layered viscosity, temperature‐dependent viscosity, and surface plates have an important
effect on the scale and morphology of structure in spherical models of mantle convection …

A parameterization of experimental data in the 0· 2–7· 0 GPa pressure range constrains both
forward models of potential primary magma compositions that exit the melting regime in the …

An in‐depth Sr‐Nd‐Pb‐He‐Os isotope and trace element study of the EMII‐defining
Samoan hot spot lavas leads to a new working hypothesis for the origin of this high …

Crustal structure along a 140 km long profile across the San Andreas Fault (SAF) in
southern California was imaged by stacking teleseismic P–S converted phases recorded by …

We present a high-resolution S-velocity model of the North Atlantic region, revealing
structural features in unprecedented detail down to a depth of 1300km. The model is derived …

Phase relations in the natural pyrolitic mantle composition (KLB‐1) around 670‐km depth
have been determined at 1600–2200° C by high‐pressure experiments using multianvil …