The need for sustainable water infrastructure systems continues to grow as clean water is
essential for daily life. Despite efforts to sustain water distribution networks (WDNs), they …

This study provides an overview of the 21st century research trends for water leakage
control strategies that focus on pressure management, active leakage control, pipe …

The reliability of the water distribution system is critical to maintaining a secure supply for the
population, industry and agriculture, so there is a need for proactive maintenance to help …

The hydraulics of leakage and intrusion flows through leak openings in pipes is complicated
by variations in the leak areas owing to changes in pressure. This paper argues that the …

In water distribution systems, depending on various factors, the failures and leakages occur
in service connections, main pipes, and fittings. A significant part of these leakages are not …

Laser profilometry and structured light sensors are being increasingly deployed for pipeline
inspection as they provide the operator with a precise 3D map that can enable visual …

For health monitoring and condition assessment in water pipelines, most of the current
transient-based leak detection studies simulate a practical leakage as a discrete point via …

Nowadays, the rapid growth of operational costs and human resource shortages increase
the importance of the leakage reduction, and the pressure management. This paper …

The effective operation of water management systems is contingent upon leak localization
and detection–a common problem that is more acute in large networks. This paper reviews …

Several studies have been carried out in recent decades to establish a relationship between
total head and leaks. In literature, the leakage governing equations have been analysed in …