Traumatic brain injury leads to cellular damage which in turn results in the rapid release of
damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that prompt resident cells to release …

Ischaemic postconditioning (brief periods of ischaemia alternating with brief periods of
reflow applied at the onset of reperfusion following sustained ischaemia) effectively reduces …

Limitation of infarct size by ischemic/pharmacological pre-and postconditioning involves
activation of a complex set of cell-signaling pathways. Multiple lines of evidence implicate …

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short (~ 22nt) single stranded RNAs that downregulate gene
expression. Although recent studies indicate extensive miRNA changes in response to …

Remote ischemic postconditioning (RIP) refers to an ischemia conducted in a distant organ
that protects against a prior ischemia in another organ. We tested whether RIP protects …

The mood stabilizer lithium inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) directly or indirectly
by enhancing serine phosphorylation of both α and β isoforms. Lithium robustly protected …

Ischemic postconditioning initially referred to a stuttering reperfusion performed immediately
after reperfusion, for preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury in both myocardial and cerebral …

Background Ischemic postconditioning (IPOC), or relief of ischemia in a stuttered manner,
has emerged as an innovative treatment strategy to reduce programmed cell death …

Background and Purpose—Remote ischemic conditioning is cardioprotective in myocardial
infarction and neuroprotective in mechanical occlusion models of stroke. However, there is …

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in the pathology of cerebral
ischemia. During prolonged period of stress or when the adaptive response fails, apoptotic …