This article is a review of experiments comparing the effectiveness of human tutoring,
computer tutoring, and no tutoring.“No tutoring” refers to instruction that teaches the same …

This article reviews the literature that compares the instructional effectiveness of games to
conventional classroom instruction. Studies dealing with empirical research rather than …

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in using the methods of educational data
mining (EDM) and learning analytics (LA) to study and measure learner cognition. In this …

Abstract Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are computer programs that model learners'
psychological states to provide individualized instruction. They have been developed for …

Interactive cognitive complexity theory suggests that simulation games are more effective
than other instructional methods because they simultaneously engage trainees' affective …

This book provides a comprehensive, up-to-date look at problem solving research and
practice over the last fifteen years. The first chapter describes differences in types of …

Scientific discovery learning is a highly self-directed and constructivistic form of learning. A
computer simulation is a type of computer-based environment that is well suited for …

Early in 2005, Phil Harris, Executive Director of the Association of Educational
Communications and Technology, approached Mike Spector and asked if he would like to …

Building Intelligent Interactive Tutors discusses educational systems that assess a student's
knowledge and are adaptive to a student's learning needs. The impact of computers has not …

Substantial disagreement exists in the literature regarding which educational technology
results in the highest cognitive gain for learners. In an attempt to resolve this dispute, we …