This review summarizes current knowledge concerning incidence, risk factors, and
mechanisms of perioperative nerve injury, with focus on local anesthetic-induced …

Recent studies have strengthened the role of the abnormalities in neurotrophic pathways in
the pathophysiology of depression. It has been shown that the depletion of growth factors …

Background Local anaesthetics are known to induce apoptosis in clinically relevant
concentrations. Hitherto, it is unknown what determines the apoptotic potency of local …

Despite the fact that pharmaceuticals occur in surface water in low concentrations, they can
still have adverse effect on aquatic biota, because these substances are designed to have a …

Background: Local anesthetics, especially lidocaine, can lead to persistent cauda equina
syndrome after spinal anesthesia. Recently, lidocaine has been reported to trigger …

Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant used for decades. It is present at low detectable
concentrations in the aquatic environment, but relative few studies have focused on its …

Injectable local anesthetics that would last for many days could have a marked impact on
periprocedural care and pain management. Formulations have often been limited in …

Background: Low concentrations of local anesthetics (LAs) suppress cellular excitability by
inhibiting voltage-gated Na+ channels. In contrast, LAs at high concentrations can be …

In the search for antidepressants'(ADs') mechanisms of action beyond their influence on
monoaminergic neurotransmission, we analyzed the effects of three structurally and …

BACKGROUND: Animal models show us that specific activation of the p38 mitogen-
activated protein kinase (MAPK) may be a pivotal step in lidocaine neurotoxicity, but this has …