Aggressive removal of middle molecules or larger low-molecular-weight proteins (LMWPs)
has been a growing concern following studies on their harmful effects on the mortality and …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a much higher risk of cardiovascular
diseases than the general population. Endothelial dysfunction, which participates in …

The mechanisms underlying the insulin resistance that frequently accompanies CKD are
poorly understood, but the retention of renally excreted compounds may play a role. One …

Hemodiafiltration (HDF) is used sporadically for renal replacement therapy in Europe but not
in the US. Characteristics and outcomes were compared for patients receiving HDF versus …

Introduction. Protein-bound uraemic retention solutes, including p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl
sulfate, contribute substantially to the uraemic syndrome. These and several other uraemic …

Protein-bound solutes are poorly cleared by dialysis. Among the most extensively studied of
these solutes is p-cresol, which has been shown to be toxic in vitro. This study examined the …

Background. The accumulation of larger and protein-bound toxins is involved in the uraemic
syndrome but their elimination by dialysis therapy remains difficult. In the present study, the …

Background Convective dialysis modalities (haemofiltration (HF), haemodiafiltration (HDF),
and acetate‐free biofiltration (AFB)) removed excess body fluid across the dialysis …

Background and objectives: Indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate are important
representatives of the protein-bound uremic retention solutes. Serum levels of p-cresyl …

Background Convective dialysis therapies (hemofiltration or hemodiafiltration) are
associated with lower mortality compared to hemodialysis in observational studies. A …