Mitochondria participate in a wide range of cellular processes. One essential function of
mitochondria is to be a platform for antiviral signaling proteins during the innate immune …

Metabolic rewiring underlies the effector functions of macrophages,–, but the mechanisms
involved remain incompletely defined. Here, using unbiased metabolomics and stable …

Over the past decade, there has been a surge in discoveries of how metabolic pathways
regulate immune cell function in health and disease, establishing the field of …

Renal tubular atrophy is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. The cause of tubular atrophy,
however, remains elusive. Here we report that reduction of renal tubular cell polynucleotide …

Consisting of three signaling pathways, the unfolded protein response (UPR) can be either
protective or detrimental to cells that undergo ER stress. Elaborate regulation of the UPR is …

Early detection of infection is a central and critical component of our innate immune system.
Mammalian cells have developed specialized receptors that detect RNA with unusual …

Great progress continues to be made in our understanding of the multiple facets of
osteoarthritis (OA) biology. Here, we review the major advances in this field and progress …

Lower back pain (LBP), which is a primary cause of disability, is largely attributed to
intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Macrophages (MΦs) in degenerated intervertebral …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease in which the pathogenesis affects the joint and its
surrounding tissues. Cartilage degeneration is the main hallmark of OA, and chondrocytes …

Background As an organelle essential for intracellular energy supply, mitochondria are
involved in intracellular metabolism and inflammation, and cell death. The interaction of …